Method of and means for balancing electric circuits



W M KEBBEN METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR BALANCING ELECTRIC CIRCUITS Filed Feb. 10,, 19253 Graura i jfi I we Patented May 13, 1930 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES W. MOK IBEEN, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR TO GULF OIL CORPORATION 01' PENNSYLVANIA, OI PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR BALANCING ELECTRIC CIRCUITS Application filed February 10, 1928. Serial No. 253,247.

The invention relates to the mode of procedure and the means for balancing the static and ohmic conditions of an operative circuit or line by use of a phantom circuit, and the improved means for accomplishing this result.

Heretofore a resistance, as such, has been connected to the circuit to be balanced, in parallel therewith, and with a condenser of fixed value. In some installations a retarding coil and a single condenser of fixed static capacity in series therewith has been connected to one terminal of the resistance body. The re quired effective resistance has been ascertamed by plugging in and out aliquot parts of the resistance in relatively large increand decrements and the situation of the condenser has remained unchanged,

her installations, it has been. custom-= st use a rheostat alone for the phanheostat was always con we and with which it cs a we co denser, thereby necese ooyectio colic balance is efiected tatic discharge on long enser and retarding entire rheostat or y of condensers and to iection or each condence body to include a of the resistance of h the aforesaid coni ranged so that the shifting opcuts in er 7 s out very small porin minute gradations more accurate and of the invention e d 'liering capacities o s unt a larger part e resistanc re the larger capacity hose wlii o it smaller portions of the resistance should have correspondingly smaller capacities. All of the condensers, bower-i E shoe be adju a le wi h r p ct ole use of a plurality enameled so 'tha Figure l is a top plan view of a rheostat by means oi: which my invention may be carried into effect and which embodies features or my invention.

Figure 2 is side elevation thereof,

Figure 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken on line lll-ill of Figure l.

Figure L is a similar view on line llViof Eigure 3.,

Figure 5 is a diagram of circuits.

Figure 6 is a known means for varying the capacity of a condenser,

In all the views the relerence charactors indicate s l rheostet c a resls 3 903137 K sloop; d and in cylindrical "solar esistance body consists of supp or; cyinde insulating material, or having an issue ace, upon which resisting wire 12 is wounc close tight tonvolutions.

The wire is first, p erably, -e correlations thereoi may lie on the cylinder in actual contact, tripod 18 forms a supporting base, The cylinder ll is firmly mounted on this base. A ring lei, of which there are two, one each end or the cylinder 10, is Emotionally held on the bare cylinder by clamping screws 15, and each rin l4- is provided with to projecting" arms 16 for supporting the slidesupporting rods 17, respectively,

The rods 1? are all alike, and one is shown in detail in Figure 3. The rod 17 is prefer a y e a g l r in rosseee ie and. has its mg them from the as .ends 18 are threaded clamping nuts The upper end r. 5 prolonged for a, wire clamping nut to provide the terminal 20 for the rods. Each rod 17 has an electric terminal 20. A slide 21 is freely movable longitudinally of the rod and has an angular perforation to receive the rod to prevent the slide from being rotated thereon.

A handle or thumb piece 22, of insulating material, such as hard rubber, a phenolic condensation product, fiber, or the like, is a means by which the slide may be moved vertically on its rod. A contact spring-brush 23 is fixed to the slide 21, as shown in Figure 4,

and has spring-pressure contact with the surface of the insulating body 10. The paths of the brushes 23 are cleaned of the insulating 20 covering to permit the brush 23 to make metallic contact with the surface of the wire covering 12. Another spring-brush 24yieldingly connects the rod 17 and slide 21 to preserve intimate contact between these parts.

I A ring 25 surrounds the wire 12 at the upper end of the cylinder and is clamped there- I to by clamping screw 26. The ring 25 car rice 3. binding post 27 which is the terminal for the upper end of the resistance body 11. The lower ring 28 does not necessarily require a terminal "post such as 27.

In Figure 5, I have shown a typical olechanger arrangement, except that I ave shown that either a battery 30, or in place thereof two uni-directional dynamos, 31 and 32 may be employed as a source of continuous current, both of them are not required. The coils 33 are the pole-changer coils.

The relay 34 has two opposed coils 37 and 38 through which the current divides equally when conditions in the line circuit 35 are substantially balanced by the balancing circuit 36. All of this circuit arrangement is old and does not, per se, constitute my invention, as so far described.

In Figure 5 the resistance body is shown as a coil, it could, however, be a stick or cylinder of resisting material, such for example as a rod of carbon or graphite composition, which is an equivalent for the purpose intended.

The brush 23", which may be any one of the brushes of Figure 2, is connected by wire 37 to ground 38 and is adjustable vertically to include more or less resistance of wire 12 between terminal 27 and ground 38. By this means the included resistance of wire 12 is quickly and empirically determined.

Another brush, 23 is connected to the free terminal of condenser C and is adjustable vertically to include more or less of 12 between 23' and 23 Brush 23 is connected to the free end of the condenser C and is adjustable vertically to include more or less of resistance 12 between 23and'23".

size, as at 18, for more con The capacity of the respective con to the free end of his vert cally to stance i2 netween inclut moi The capacity of condenser (G is comparable in ca acity to the extent of resistance shunted there y. Gondenser C is of greater capacity and the resistance shunted thereby is also greater.

Condenser C is of larger capacity than either of its neighbors and 1t shunts practically all of resistance 12.

The exact value of resistance 12 shunted by the condensers may be ascertained by adjust-ed movement of the brushes 23 on the resistance body 10.

The terminals 40 of the condensers are connected together and to the round 38.

cinsers may also be varied to some extent by employment of rotatable plates 40 with respect to associated fixed plates 41.

This arrangementis a refinement that may or may not be used.

The device is also advantageously susce tible of use in connection with means to eliminate static effect in a radio receiving set in which case the pole-changer and neutral relay may be dlspensed with and in which 35 is the aerial.

While I have herein shown a single embodi ment of m invention for a clear disclosure, it is mani est that changes may be made in the arrangement and procedure without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An artificial line including a resistor conductively connected between a physical line and ground, means to ad'ust the effective series circuit resistance 0 the resistor to ground, and a plurality of condensers shunting portions oi said resistor to ground, the condensers being of different capacities and the capacity of each condenser being substantially proportional to the resistance shunted by it.

2. The method of balancing the ohmic and static constants of a given physical line by establishing an adjustable artificial line which consists in conductively connecting a single resistor in series between said physical line and ground, adjusting the series circuit resistance or said resistor to ground, and shunting progressively decreasing portions of said resistor by condensers to ground, said resistor between the physical line and ground, adjusting the series circuit resistance of the resistor to ground, and connecting portions of said resistor to ground through condensers, said condensers being of different being substantially proportional to the voltage impressed upon its terminals.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

' CHARLES W. MoKIBBEN. 

